MYOPIA
Prereading: Today we are going to introduce
ourselves in the big word, of one on the principal eye refractive defects: The
Myopia. First we are going to read in turns aloud, and then in pairs we are
going to answer the following questions.
Please, if
you have doubts, in pronunciation or the meaning of certain words or phrases,
just put it a highlighter, and after we finish the readings we can share with
each other our doubts.
Purpose
of the activity: We
are going to read this test to review our preknowledge about refractive defects.
Read:
I.
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Myopia is
the refractive anomaly of the eye in which the conjugate focus of the retina is
at some finite point in front of the eye, when the eye is not accommodating. It
can also be described as the refractive condition in which parallel light rays
from an object at optical infinity are focused by the eye in front of the
retina, with accommodation relaxed. Myopia is derived from the term
"muopia" which, in Greek, means to close the eyes. It manifests
itself as blurred distance vision, hence, the popular term "nearsightedness."
Clear distance vision can be restored by the application of the proper minus
power (concave) spectacle or contact lenses or corneal modification procedures
in which corneal refractive power is decreased. In some cases of pseudomyopia,
unaided distance vision can be improved with vision therapy.
Myopia is a
highly significant problem, not only because of its high prevalence, but also
because it can contribute to visual morbidity and increase the risk for
vision-threatening conditions (e.g., retinal breaks and detachment, glaucoma).
Because myopia is associated with reduced distance vision without optical
correction, it can be a limiting factor in occupational choices. Uncorrected
myopia prevents the individual from seeing distant objects clearly. In
addition, the posterior segment changes in the myopic eye place it at risk for
the development of other ocular conditions.
Postreading: In the following questions you are
going to answer about some important characteristics of myopia, as you have
some pre-knowledge about it, the purpose of this activity is than you review
and remember this specific items and review the adequate pronunciations.
Activity: Based on the
test you read, answer the following questions:
I.
Label questions (1-3): Label the eyes from figure number one, based on
the following instructions:
1. Knowing where the conjugate focus of
the retina in myopia are, label the eye which has myopia.
2. Considering that hyperopia is the opposite
of myopia, label the eye who has hyperopia.
3. What is the condition of the eye that
is not labeled yet in figure number one?
Figure number 1
II.
Multiple choice questions (4-5):
4. Chose one true option for the
following question. How you can describe the vision of an eye with myopia?
a. Bad near vision
b. Good far vision
c. Bad far vision
5. How do you think is the near vision of
a patient who has myopia?
a. In generally good near vision
b. Depends on the dioptric
c. Bad god vision
Why do choose that
answer: _____________________________________________
III.
Open questions (6-8):
6. How we can restored clear distance
vision in a myopia patient?
7. In which cases we have to do
therapy? And explain why do you think we must not use negative lenses?
8. Why do you think myopia is a problem
for public health?
IV.
Homework, read from another books (9):
9. For next class you have to read the
chart and put some definitions of the meaning of each class of myopia.
